Main Functions
Kidneys serve as the body's primary filtration system, removing unwanted toxins (such as urea and nitrogen), excess electrolytes (including sodium, potassium, and phosphorus), and surplus fluid. Beyond filtration, kidneys perform several critical functions:
- Produce erythropoietin hormone, which stimulates bone marrow stem cells to create blood cells
- Work alongside the adrenal gland to regulate blood pressure
- Control calcium absorption and elimination to maintain healthy bone and calcium metabolism
- Buffer excess acid from diet and help neutralize blood
Effects of Kidney Dysfunction
When kidneys fail to function properly, harmful substances, electrolytes, and fluid accumulate in the body, potentially causing:
- Fatigue resulting from excess toxins in the bloodstream and low blood cell counts
- Elevated blood pressure that proves difficult to manage with standard medications
- Swelling throughout the body
Management and Treatment
Individuals with compromised kidney function may improve outcomes through a careful regimen of medications, diet changes, and regular follow-up with a nephrologist — potentially enhancing kidney function while maintaining proper bone and blood health.